Statistics on the Gemini space

This page presents some statistics on the current state of the Gemini space. It has been updated on 2026-05-07 03:04:00Z.

It cannot claim to represent the entire space. The real number of URIs is certainly higher. There are several reasons why many URIs are not in the database:

the capsule may forbid retrieval, through robots.txt,
we do not know all the URIs and some cannot be found from the ones we know,
Lupa has a maximum number of URIs per capsule, to save resources (currently 10000).

On this page, "working" means there was a successful connection recently. "recently" means "less than 31 days". "Dead" URLs and capsules are removed after 46 days and no longer appear in any statistics.

Currently, our database includes 1,033,409 URIs, 798,260 of them having been checked successfully (status code 20) and recently. Among the recently accessed, 673,864 URIs serve a Gemini content.

Resources

The average size of the resources is 35,814 bytes.

Quantiles

10% of the resources are 16 bytes or less,
20% of the resources are 243 bytes or less,
30% of the resources are 541 bytes or less,
40% of the resources are 950 bytes or less,
50% of the resources are 1,408 bytes or less, MEDIAN
60% of the resources are 2,273 bytes or less,
70% of the resources are 4,058 bytes or less,
80% of the resources are 7,609 bytes or less,
90% of the resources are 35,413 bytes or less,
100% of the resources are 4,156,230 bytes or less.

# Quantiles only for Gemini pages

10% of the resources are 16 bytes or less,
20% of the resources are 166 bytes or less,
30% of the resources are 395 bytes or less,
40% of the resources are 725 bytes or less,
50% of the resources are 1,098 bytes or less, MEDIAN
60% of the resources are 1,506 bytes or less,
70% of the resources are 2,398 bytes or less,
80% of the resources are 4,079 bytes or less,
90% of the resources are 7,051 bytes or less,
100% of the resources are 4,156,230 bytes or less.

Ranges

Less than 10 bytes: 6592 URLs (0.83 %)
10 to 100 bytes: 109069 URLs (13.7 %)
100 to 1000 bytes: 210694 URLs (26.4 %)
1 to 10 kbytes: 331409 URLs (41.5 %)
10 to 100 kbytes: 89127 URLs (11.2 %)
100 to 1000 kbytes: 40522 URLs (5.1 %)
More than 1000 kbytes: 10847 URLs (1.36 %)

Most common media (MIME) types

text/gemini: 673,864 URLs
image/jpeg: 43,467 URLs
image/png: 34,163 URLs
text/plain: 21,550 URLs
application/octet-stream: 6,851 URLs
audio/mpeg: 3,315 URLs
image/gif: 2,180 URLs
application/pdf: 2,077 URLs
audio/ogg: 1,739 URLs
text/html: 1,440 URLs
octet/stream: 725 URLs
application/zip: 699 URLs
image/webp: 617 URLs
text/markdown: 616 URLs
audio/wav: 606 URLs
application/atom+xml: 561 URLs
application/json: 547 URLs
text/xml: 450 URLs
application/x-7z-compressed: 325 URLs
application/pgp-signature: 308 URLs

Most common languages

en: 497,835 URLs
Unspecified: 276,406 URLs
de: 10,145 URLs
it: 7,077 URLs
fr: 2,539 URLs
es: 1,349 URLs
es_ar: 1,273 URLs
ru: 419 URLs
en_au: 254 URLs
sv: 133 URLs
sgs: 99 URLs
he: 62 URLs
gl: 61 URLs
ko: 59 URLs
fi: 46 URLs
fr,it: 45 URLs
ro: 44 URLs
pl_pl: 44 URLs
eo,ldn: 43 URLs
zh: 43 URLs

Most common encodings ("charsets") for all files

(Remember there exists testing capsules, with very exotic encodings, so don't be surprised by some strange ones.)

Unspecified: 725,923 URLs
utf-8: 72,189 URLs
us-ascii: 82 URLs
binary: 62 URLs
iso-8859-1: 3 URLs
gzip: 1 URLs

Most common encodings for gemtext files only

Unspecified: 609,799 URLs
utf-8: 64,053 URLs
us-ascii: 9 URLs
iso-8859-1: 3 URLs

By the way, 820 of recently tested URLs (0.089 %) have a wrong encoding (it does not match the actual content).

Status codes

(Remember there are test capsules with funny status codes, to exercice Gemini clients.)

20 (Success): 798,260 occurrences (90.99 %)
51 (Not found): 60,479 occurrences (6.89 %)
40 (Temporary failure): 10,047 occurrences (1.15 %)
10 (Input request): 3,024 occurrences (0.34 %)
60 (Client certificate request): 2,272 occurrences (0.26 %)
52 (Gone with the wind): 1,196 occurrences (0.14 %)
30 (Temporary redirect): 1,057 occurrences (0.12 %)
31 (Permanent redirect): 565 occurrences (0.06 %)
53 (Proxy request refused): 179 occurrences (0.02 %)
50 (Permanent failure): 68 occurrences (0.01 %)
42 (CGI error): 63 occurrences (0.01 %)
59 (Bad request): 41 occurrences (0.00 %)

Links

(We count only backlinks from external capsules, and at most one link per capsule. Also, we exclude links from capsules like search engines or directories.)

Maximum number of incoming links: 445

Average number of incoming links: 0.27

Capsules

There are 4674 capsules. We successfully connected recently to 3406 of them.

Most common capsules by number of working URLs

We have a limit of 10000 URLs per capsule.

gemlog.stargrave.org: 10000 URLs
gemini.techrights.org: 10000 URLs
gemini.tuxmachines.org: 10000 URLs
git.skyjake.fi: 9999 URLs
gmi.noulin.net: 9993 URLs
mirrors.apple2.org.za: 9985 URLs
library.inu.red: 9948 URLs
federal.cx: 9899 URLs
dvd.flounder.online: 9899 URLs
gemlog.blue: 9892 URLs
fumble-around.mediocregopher.com: 9869 URLs
gemini.autonomy.earth: 9850 URLs
caiofior.pollux.casa: 9837 URLs
bbs.geminispace.org: 9813 URLs
g.619.hu: 9784 URLs
gemini.conman.org: 9781 URLs
gem.snork.ca: 9766 URLs
gemi.dev: 9702 URLs
ecs.d2evs.net: 9689 URLs
gemini.oxydable.fr: 9683 URLs

Most common capsules by number of bytes in working URLs

We have a limit of bytes per URL.

Not properly documented yet

birds-are-nice.me: 3106.1 megabytes
mirrors.apple2.org.za: 2452.7 megabytes
higeki.jp: 1861.9 megabytes
gem.librehacker.com: 1048.3 megabytes
librehacker.com: 961.3 megabytes
dfdn.info: 766.3 megabytes
going-flying.com: 533.5 megabytes
gemini.tcrouzet.com: 434.2 megabytes
gael.mooo.com: 384.4 megabytes
ecs.d2evs.net: 348.4 megabytes
blitter.com: 291.8 megabytes
library.inu.red: 282.1 megabytes
gemi.dev: 251.8 megabytes
gem.ortie.org: 228.5 megabytes
gemini.techrights.org: 174.5 megabytes
gem.sdf.org: 169.3 megabytes
gemini.circumlunar.space: 164.4 megabytes
mirror.isekai.rocks: 163.6 megabytes
8px.sk: 163.1 megabytes
mirror.isekairainnqfe6udk4g5shfcvnsblrmsumjabae6m2gfhagbczsbuyd.onion: 161.1 megabytes
coredump.ch: 153.9 megabytes

All working capsules:

As a text file

As a gemtext, with links

Certificates

3090 (90.7 %) capsules are self-signed, 4 (0.1 %) use the Certificate Authority Let's Encrypt, 312 (9.2 %) are signed by another CA (may be not a trusted one).

73 capsules (2.19 %) have an expired certificate.

Algorithms:

ecdsa-with-SHA256: 2125 capsules
sha256WithRSAEncryption: 1100 capsules
ecdsa-with-SHA384: 100 capsules
ED25519: 27 capsules
ecdsa-with-SHA512: 2 capsules
sha384WithRSAEncryption: 2 capsules
sha512WithRSAEncryption: 1 capsules

Key types:

ECDSA: 2227 capsules
RSA: 1103 capsules
ED25519: 27 capsules

Key sizes for RSA:

2048: 824 capsules
4096: 276 capsules
3072: 2 capsules
1024: 1 capsules

Key sizes for ECDSA:

256: 2160 capsules
384: 67 capsules

TLS

99 % of the capsules use TLS 1.3, 1 % use TLS 1.2.

robots.txt

298 (9 %) the capsules have a robots.txt exclusion file.

Ports

20 working capsules (0.6 %) use an alternative port

Addresses

733 IP addresses used. 20 % are IPv6.

# Addresses with most virtual hosts

173.230.145.243: 1145 vhosts
72.65.51.74: 573 vhosts
213.219.38.200: 341 vhosts
46.23.81.157: 139 vhosts
2a03:6000:1813:1337::157: 121 vhosts
86.194.163.71: 46 vhosts
109.237.26.252: 36 vhosts
45.56.93.217: 21 vhosts
172.236.4.52: 19 vhosts
90.52.20.214: 18 vhosts
128.140.115.191: 16 vhosts
143.244.176.58: 12 vhosts
2604:a880:4:1d0::4e1:3000: 12 vhosts
159.195.32.132: 10 vhosts
2a03:6000:6f67:624::99: 9 vhosts
2a01:4f8:c17:20f1::42: 9 vhosts
46.23.94.99: 9 vhosts
23.88.35.144: 9 vhosts
64.226.23.78: 8 vhosts
2001:8b0:1d97:eeca:3da5:94ce:b61e:ee69: 8 vhosts

TLDs

There are 243 TLDs in the capsule's names, and 2047 registered domains.

Most common TLDs

# By number of registered domains

com: 312 domains
net: 196 domains
org: 163 domains
xyz: 150 domains
space: 90 domains
site: 75 domains
de: 61 domains
me: 57 domains
dev: 56 domains
eu: 36 domains
fr: 35 domains
uk: 32 domains
info: 29 domains
io: 26 domains
club: 23 domains
onion: 20 domains
se: 18 domains
cc: 17 domains
ca: 16 domains
ch: 15 domains

# By number of capsules

(There's a strong bias towards TLDs which have hosting services such as flounder.online, which has many capsules in subdomains. See before the TLDs per registered domains, which are probably more useful.)